How Law Can Be Termed As A Social Phenomenon Essay

Law can be termed as a social phenomenon. It is a social function, an expression of human society concerning the external relations of its individual members. Law depends on its acceptance by the society; in fact, it is made through the â€Å"general will† of the society. Society can never be static; it remains dynamic through economic, scientific and technological developments. Therefore, the Law must evolve and adapt to the changing requirements of the society. Sir David Maxwell Fyte observed: The law is not to be compared to a venerable antique to be taken down, dusted, admired and put back on the shelf; rather it is like an old, but still vigorous tree-family rooted in the history but still putting out new shoots taking new grafts and from time to time dropping dead wood. That process has been going on, is going on now and will continue. The two most essential functions of the State are War and Administration of Justice among others. 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Mexicos Drug Cartel Violence Problem - 1861 Words

The United States role with Mexico’s drug cartel violence problem has been of ongoing help. The cartels are unabashed in trying to continue to run their drug smuggling operations. The Mexican people have had to endure a high number of homicides in their country. Some of these people killed were innocents who were at the wrong place at the wrong time. Many of the homicides were intentional as drug cartels often send messages to people warning others not to interfere in their businesses. Mexican law enforcement officials are killed by the cartel in hopes of serving a message to others that the cartels are to be feared. It might seem that the United States does not have a role in addressing drug cartel violence in Mexico but they are trying to help in many ways. The Mexican drug cartels have been around probably since the inception of the PRI, but have gotten stronger since the Columbia cartels; those of the Medellin and Cali factions have lost their power. The â€Å"gangs† or cartels of Mexico have operated since the last 40 for 50 years. â€Å"The gangs operating on the northern border of Mexico are long-time, well established that is, consisting of Mexican grandfathers, sons and grandsons. The reason for the present day struggles with drug cartels occur is that for some people it is a way of life, just like some people inherit the family business. In the U.S., most gangs try and operate in a low key fashion; however, in Mexico, these cartels have operated openly and with little fearShow MoreRelatedAmerica s Freedom Of Freedom1495 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Since 2011, the Freedom House has classified Mexico as a purple, or a â€Å"not free† country in its annual Freedom of the Press report. The upraise of violence in the country, stemmed from its war against drugs, has threatened Mexico’s freedom of expression and practice of journalism, undermining the foundations of the country’s democracy. 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Advanced Professional Development Journal Education Essay Free Essays

string(30) " my ain accomplishment audit\." Introduction As a manager/Leader I have to do portfolio of professional development. So in this portfolio I made grounds which is supported by my ain advanced professional development diary. That includes my ain personal accomplishment audit, SWOT analysis, my learning manner alterations, skill acquisition with the aid of some on-line trials like MBTI clip direction, larning stock list. We will write a custom essay sample on Advanced Professional Development Journal Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now This besides includes stuff collected to show accomplishment of the standards required by larning results. Task ( 1 ) I encourage myself to pick up a pen and a piece of paper and note down the ends I want to make. Look at each end and measure it. Make any alterations necessary to guarantee it meets the standards for Smart ends: S = Specific M = Measurable A = Attainable R = Realistic T = Timely Short- term ends Personal Complete my PGDM. I besides want good classs in PGDM so that I will able to acquire relevant occupation. Skills I m holding Hard work Active scholar Curiosity Skills required Good acquisition capableness Understanding of each and every topic Get admittance in Msc Business Information Technology. By taking this class I will do good combination of PGDM class and Msc degree Skills I m holding Good cognition about information engineering Skills required Knowledge of recent progresss within field and in related countries Ability to acknowledge and formalize proficient jobs Professional /Organisational I m presently non a portion of any organisation so I m adding here my professional end as acquiring a good and relevant portion clip occupation which in one manner attention deficit disorder to my life and in other manner add to my accomplishments. Skills I am holding Technical cognition Adjustable nature Skills required Good communicating accomplishments Fluent English Medium- term ends Personal Get married. I put this in mid term because in 3 or 4 old ages I have to happen a right individual whom I can acquire married. Skills I required Understanding nature Friendly Educated Good cognition about household values Adjustable Get admittance in MBA ( portion clip ) I want to make MBA because it might be helpful for my bright hereafter and add to my grades. Skills I required Qualified grade Increased acquisition capableness Professional/organizational Reputed occupation of director ( in reputated company ) or teacher ( in reputated university or college ) in UK. I have to believe about my household and my hereafter and my lifes to settle down Skills I required Efficient cognition about field in which I have to work Team working Critical thought Identifying and analysing capableness Outstanding communicating accomplishments both verbal A ; written Long Term Goals Personal Visit my favourite finishs.i want to give my self some interruptions and relax between busy agenda so I want to go different castles or states. Skills I required Savingss ability. Fulfill my duties as household member sing different dealingss. Everyone expect something from me and I have to carry through demands of my household. Skills I require Management between household and work Professional Establish my ego in my field Skills I required Required cognition of concern competitions Competition Honesty with work Tolerance 1 ( B ) Learning â€Å" It is of import to first formalize a pupil s dominant agencies of larning if we hope to dispute them to work in a manner in which they feel less competent. Student ‘s † ( Mary Ellen mcClanghan ) Learning manner â€Å" A typical and accustomed mode of geting cognition, accomplishments, or attitudes through survey or experience â€Å" ( Neil Fleming, VARK Questionnaire ) Traditionally, the three predominant manners are: 1. Visual ( reading or seeing ) 2. Auditory ( listening or talking ) 3. Tactile/Kinesthetic ( making ) So to cognize my learning manner I took a learning manner trial ‘discovering your acquisition manners ‘ And found that I am ocular scholar 50 % , audile learner 35 % , haptic learner 10 % ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.educationplanner.org/education_planner/calc_frames.asp? url=http: //www.aessuccess.org/getting/learning_quiz/quiz.html A ; pagetype=Preparing-learning+Styles+Quiz A ; sponsor=2859 ) .So I am ocular scholar most of the clip. To do my larning more effectual and valued I have to sharpen techniques for ocular acquisition and besides to get accomplishments for that.Moreover I can do a right balance between two larning manners ocular and audile to do my larning affectional for long usage. Techniques ( accomplishments ) for ocular acquisition are as follows: – Making and exposing streamers which can be visualized subsequently on. Using or making simple symbols are easy to retrieve. Using colourss is besides an effectual technique utilizing different colourss for headers paragraphs, and lines can do me set up my undertakings or informations more efficaciously Watching pictures and presentations I can promote my ego furthermore creates creativeness in work. And in other manner I can fall in the accomplishments for audile manner with ocular acquisition to do my larning more dependable and efficient and smooth. Techniques for audile acquisition: – Singing and listening to music is helpful in cut downing emphasis during working hr. Small group treatment. Group is said to be garnering of new thoughts and position people can propose, advice better. System diagrams can assist me visualise the links between parts of a system within organisation, there workings construction people involved. So I plan for following some accomplishments for larning in future to do my propensity best for me Making outlines-making lineation of everything is a helpful technique through which I can retrieve utile instructions, my ain undertakings, and presentations. Color codification words and research notes is a good technique that can be used to retrieve of import points in presentations and study Whispering new information when alone is utile technique to better my memory. Take notes, doing lists is an effectual technique to set up work. Diagramming, reading maps, essays demoing a procedure is good technique to form, manage, learn things. Repeating facts with eyes closed is a effectual technique that can be helpful in larning procedure Reading transitions and composing replies about them in a timed trial is helpful in sharpening your memory and acquisition Undertaking 2 Skill audit Helps you to measure your current strengths in relation to identify accomplishments. So I carried out my ain accomplishment audit. You read "Advanced Professional Development Journal Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" That demonstrate evidences that I m holding that skill how I m traveling with that accomplishment and betterment if needed Skills country Description of Specific Skill Evidence of accomplishment How I am making betterment ( 1 ) Communication accomplishments Demonstrate effectual verbal presentation techniques Presentations and study given good better Good English eloquence Given presentations in English I am good Need to better much more able to support my point Prepared undertakings, feedback of co-workers I m good Need to better ( 2 ) teamwork/Networking I understand my behaviour And impact on others when working in squad Worked in groups good better Co secret agent Feedback from friends household and relations better Good hearer, receive feedback and respond prospectively Colleagues feedback good Need much to better ( 3 ) Personal effectivity I am able to larn and get cognition purpose to put some basic ‘to do ‘ lists every twenty-four hours good Small to better and pull off I manage my work load purpose to put blocks of clip aside to work on specific undertakings good Necessitate a batch Creative, advanced and original in attack I aim to give my best good Techniques need to be improved to make undertaking in effectual manner I use IT suitably for database, recordings and showing information SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis is an effectual tool to cognize your strengths, failings, chances and menaces. It tells about where you are now and what you should make in hereafter to better your accomplishments form your chances and place your menaces. Strengths: Hard Working Person, really ambitious. I want to give my 100 % in my work.I am honest in work attempt to give my best. Tidal bore to larn something new. I like to garner any sort of information from any beginning. I can alter my ego harmonizing to milieus or conditions. I prefer to form my work devising agenda for anything I do. I am good in spoken English so I can easy pass on with people. I have learned some rudimentss of concern from my uncle so I am able to pull off little concern or I can make occupation. One of my biggest strength is that I m positive mind. I ever hike my ego by stating I can make this. I have done many presentations during my Msc I have good presentation accomplishments. Opportunities: Worked in prophet, VB. Made a undertaking in VB.i can work in IT environment. Furthermore I know prosecuting POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT subsequently on I can make MBA as good. Then I can hold more specific occupation ends. Failings: Stress of making many things or undertakings at same clip carefully do me to believe unkindly about the state of affairs and people involved and who created that undertaking. Become really impatient sometime. Time force per unit area causes emphasis. Ca n’t work decently under deadlines. Ca n’t do multiple undertakings at the same time. Lack of work experience. Weak occupation happening techniques. Menaces Negative tendencies in field that can decrease occupations like retrenchment and obsolescence. Many pupils are making same class what I m making my co-workers can give me tough competition. Competition is increasing, today is epoch of competition, and rivals can be superior so me holding high cognition in field. Lack of preparation and experience can be another obstacle.Companies is non engaging people with major/degree this can be menace to my calling. After taking on-line larning manner stock list ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.learning-styles-online.com/ ) . I came to cognize about my learning manner stock list. And the consequences are displayed in tabular array and graph. Style Tonss Ocular 17 Social 11 Physical 15 Aural 14 Verbal 13 Lone 15 Logical 10 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.learning-styles-online.com/inventory/results.asp ) ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.learning-styles-online.com/inventory/results.asp ) Through this trial I am made able to detect my preferable learning manner. I am ocular scholar most of the clip as the trial consequences says so I can get ocular larning techniques to do my larning more effectual. Furthermore stock list besides shows some another preferable acquisition manners which I can utilize like lone, physical, and aural. Bing lone scholar I will work entirely think and concentrate more efficaciously on given undertaking. Bing societal I will prefer to larn from others what people advice and propose me. Time direction log After traveling through clip direction ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newHTE_88.htm ) .and my mark is 40 and I need to better on some issues. So to pull off my clip more decently I have to: – 1. I have to put some ends. Goals can be short listed ( for a hebdomad or month ) or for old ages. 2. I can give some plants more precedence.what are more of import to make do list which are to be done first which can be left to make subsequently on. 3. Making agenda for my work is besides effectual to my work decently. My day-to-day clip direction log 1. I woke up at 6 a.m. 2. Then I get fresh in half hr. 3. I make breakfast in about 1 hr. 4. Watch News for one hr expression for concern intelligence, amusement News etc for half an hr. 5. Then travel to shop for families ( veggies etc ) it may take two or three hours. 6. Read books or surf cyberspace for two or three hours. 7. At 9 p.m I have to fix dinner. 8. Until 10 I have went to kip. PERSONALITY ( MBTI ) Your 4 Personality Type Letters I Nitrogen F Joule ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.personalitypathways.com/type_inventory.html ) To cognize my personality type I undergo through Myer Briggs online personality trial. and I got consequence as I- ( introverted ) -I require some private clip to believe about state of affairss my ends future programs and day-to-day aims. I decently before making anything. I m motivated by my ain largely N- Intuitive- I think about future most of the clip. Like to utilize imaginativenesss use to do new possibilities work on them. I have to memorise to remember forms, contexts and connexions. I learn theoretically most of the clip F-feeling-I am concerned to my personal feelings. Depend on people for any determination. I seek for consensus and popular sentiments. J-Judging-I usage to be after inside informations in progress before I have to make any thing or take any action. Largely focus on actions related to undertaking. I prefer to finish sections and so to make chief undertaking. I try to cut down and command emphasis while making any work. Normally I set marks. So after doing my accomplishment audit, making my personal SWOT analysis and taking trial to cognize my learning manner, clip direction, and personality manner trial I came to cognize about accomplishments I can get for effectual direction and leading. Task ( 3 ) Task3 ( a ) I carried out personal development program which shows creative and actionable. Sing my current accomplishments my skill acquisition.resources I can utilize and skill acquisition.how they are effectual. Career mission statement: – I want to set up in my field Current accomplishments: – 1. Good and qualified Master of Science computing machine scientific discipline grade. 2.able to utilize computing machine can work in Windowss, prophet, unix environment 3. Presently prosecuting PGDM ( station alumnus sheepskin in concern direction ) . 4. Good presentation accomplishments. 5. Good web of friends which can give me assist when required. Major calling ends ( what I need to carry through in the average term to foster my mission ) Goal Target day of the month end Target day of the month 1 complete my PGDM class with good Markss By up coming January 5.get married by October 2 get occupation in reputed company or be a instructor in university or college capable country concern direction or computing machine scientific discipline By upcoming March 6. Have some nest eggs for better hereafter. In two old ages 4.get admittance in Master of Science concern information engineering In September Skill audit A: I have accomplished this skill/I demonstrate high competency. Bacillus: I have this skills/competency but some betterments could be made. Degree centigrade: I need to better this skill/competency. Calciferol: I need to set in considerable work to develop this skill/competency. E. I need to get this skill/develop this competence. Skills/competency rank Skills/competency rank now 6 m 1yr 3yr more now 6 m 1yr 3y more 1.communication accomplishments a. Demonstrate effectual verbal presentation techniques b. English eloquence C. ability to support my point. Bacillus Calciferol C A Bacillus Bacillus A A A A A A 2.teamworking /networking a. understand behaviour And impact on others when working in squad b. Co secret agent c. Good hearer, receive feedback and respond prospectively Bacillus A A A A A A A A A A A 3. Personal effectivity a. ability to larn and get cognition b. manage my work load c. Creative, advanced and original in attack d. usage IT for database and presenting information A C A Bacillus A A A A 4.decision doing Tocopherol Calciferol C Bacillus 5.leadership Tocopherol Calciferol C Bacillus 6.analyising studies, undertakings, suggestions C Calciferol C Bacillus Development end Action stairss Complete by ( day of the month ) Obstacles/ solutions development 1.improve my communicating accomplishments read books sing vocabulary, communicating accomplishments 29-july-2010 My clip, agreement of fee Friends feedback my ain assurance 2.Get portion clip occupation Expression for advertizement, arrange mentions and attack By following month Lower cape in occupation hunting technique My choice for peculiar 3.improve my acquisition accomplishments By placing my acquisition manner, working over it In one month ennui Successful and efficient worker Undertaking 3 ( B ) Learning before Learning and developing now Learning and developing in hereafter Changes in cognition attitude and accomplishments How they are good for organisational personal squad working was non much effectual I truly was non able to set my position points before others I learned how to impact others how to do them listen you by demoing figures, graphs, diagrams etc and moreover as ocular scholar it my utile for my ego to utilize different colour pens or markers for headlines and keywords and look attractive to others I will go on with my ocular acquisition manner and will seek to heighten my accomplishments with this manner Now I can work in squad manage my and my squads work decently. I can pull off my group, take a lead, and do presentations. Suggest my co-workers I can form my work and easy retrieve keywords, make my studies more effectual. work direction was non good I was non able to work under deadlines and non was to work under force per unit area By end puting now I am able to pull off my work I can do balance between official and personal life. I learned techniques to command cut down emphasis caused by deadlines given for certain undertaking By listening to music, by doing your work more create for you sometimes group treatments besides help me so I like to discourse my jobs with friends and seniors in household In future I will do agenda for work, give precedences to of import undertakings. usage techniques to cut down emphasis degree I am able to make my work at a clip I can work under strong deadlines, pull off my clip I can do working and personal life balanced My leading qualities were low I was non able to actuate and promote people Now I am seeking to follow some leading qualities like cooperation, control, Taking a lead, working with duty doing people to follow me I will heighten my effectivity in this field and larn nucleus capablenesss that a director can hold I am able to stand before others. I can work as director and larn more managerial aims and pull off my staff members decently I can do determinations at m ain degree I was dependent on others to do determinations I am able to take determination at right clip I will do my ego more specific about determinations I can analyse thing, reflect it and so take determination Helpful for me when I have to work as director I m self confident Decision To sum up, in this portfolio I demonstrated my skill acquisition techniques.how I Overcome my failings and identified menaces and obstructions coming in my manner to accomplish my ends. I besides analyzed my current state of affairs, the ways to better and besides how I identified my learning manner and personality type and how I can utilize them in my skill acquisition. So, here I came to cognize about my acquisition manner, end scenes and clip direction. How to cite Advanced Professional Development Journal Education Essay, Essay examples

Business Skills All-In-One For Dummies

Question: Discuss about a Report on Business Skills all-In-One For Dummies? Answer: Comparison of two styles of newspaper articles Target audience In the first article, the topic focuses on the Refugees welcome and the second topic is about the fight at rail station in Budapest, Hungary, where the rail station was closed to the migrants. In the first article, the target audiences are the refugees in Germany. Evidences from statistics revealed that since the war of 2011, more than 4 million refugees have fled away from Syria and dispersed to different parts like Turkey, Jordan and Lebanon (Harding, Oltermann and Watt 2015). Apart from them, the vulnerable populations are also addressing different issues except their migration and residence. In this case, the role of the government has been discussed as government plays one of the major roles in handling the refugee issues in any country. Moreover, the voluntary engagements of thousands of ordinary Germans have been mentioned here who have extended their hand to help the refugees on a regular basis. In this context, role of media is important and they have realized that, media s hould focus more on issues faced by refugees (Barrow and Burton 2012). Moreover, the banners supporting the refugees in their home grounds have been mentioned here. However, it can be said that the refugees are the main target people in this case (Sword 2012). Effect on writing style as a result of targeting an audience Writer should be concerned about the type of writing and should use such a writing style, which would be able to attract readers. It can be said that the target audience is the group with the common characteristics or purposes and if one is writing for targeting a particular group of reader, it is highly important to focus on specific features of that particular group. This article has been written in an easy language with adequate statistical information; therefore, it has successfully quenched the thirst of the news reader (Harding, Oltermann and Watt 2015). The story that has been addressed here is very appropriate and represented one of the burning issues of the present day and thus it has successfully connected the news to the reader. The problems, the present scenario as well as the consequences have been described here in details so that the readers easily link with the situation. The author has significantly described the situation with several instances that have taken place s regularly among the refugees and thus, the news has become one of the sensitive cases (Harding, Oltermann and Watt 2015). Effect of use of quotations and images on reader According to Kenley and Cashner (2007), the readers tend to read those articles, which have a brief and clear explanation of the situation in an attractive format. The first article does not provide a brief explanation of the situation. As this article is targeting a range of different kind of audience including the youngsters, who are more likely to be impatient (Harding et al.2015). Therefore, the writing style should be able to captivate the readers. In the first article, there is a thorough explanation of the situation with different perspectives. Therefore, it is less attractive than the second article. It is seen that, in the daily busy life, people tend to overlook most of the news, which does not contain any picture. In the second article, there are two pictures, which might help the writer to grab their attention (Saunders 2015). The attractive and real pictures of the migrants, the homelessness of those tired children would grab attention of many readers. In contrast, for t he lengthy and narrative approach of the first article, it might not attract most of the youngsters attention. Using quotation in writing indicates its importance in the literature. Here also, the second article would be more attractive to readers than the first one, which has less quotation compared to its length (Bbc.co.uk 2016). The first article on Refugee welcome is nearer to the academic writing styles. The academic writing style includes in-depth discussion of the topic. In academic writing quotations are rarely used and each topic is explained with subtopics with proper headings. All of these requirements were present in the first article, but absent in the second one. Relative usefulness of each article as a source of evidence in support of essay on Mediterranean refugee crisis From the first article, information regarding the political conversation regarding the entry of migrants into Europe and the response of government, the private engagement of refugees and support from Germen community groups along with response of media about the refugee crisis has been gathered. On the other hand, from the second article, a brief scenario of present government response toward migrants has been revealed. It can be used in the essay as an important recent evidence of crisis faced by the migrants. The first article also covers the conflicts faced by migrants and the motives of the social issues (Harding, Oltermann and Watt 2015). The legal framework can also be used from the first article. Response of Article The article is focused on the statement of the Tory minister regarding the provision of living wages to the workers, who are under 25 years old. Cabinet officer minister Matthew Hancock has defended the decision in the Conservative party conference (The Week UK 2015). It was an active policy choice by the minister. He thinks that, the workers, who are under 25 years old, are not as productive as the older workers, so they should not gain increased level of living wage. According to the National living wages in UK, workers who get job after living school or college do not have as much productivity as an older worker, who is more than 25 years old (Dathan 2015). Minister justified the reason for excluding under-25 years workers from new raised living wage, which has become 7.20 per hour (Dathan 2015). However, according to the view point of minister, it can be justified that, paying high living wages might be difficult for the employers and if the new and young workers get less living wages, the employers would hire more young employees. This is because, hiring young employees who are below 25 would be paid less living wages, and it would be profitable for the employers (Dathan 2015). On the other hand, the employees at young age would seek jobs for their security, more than the older employees. This is because most with increased age, older employees tend to get settlement in professional field. It would help the young workers to gain opportunities for getting work-experience, which is important for their career growth. However, Demianyk (2015) argued that, the official impact assessment of the new living wages policy would motivate older e mployees not to leave company, as they are getting high wage. It would reduce the opportunities for the young employees, who are not getting high wage also (Barrow and Burton 2012). However, there are some organizations including Starbucks and Costa Coffee agreed to pay high living wages irrespective to the age of the employee. It has been revealed that, young workers, if not paid high, would be demotivated. Surveys of different retail companies in UK have been revealed that, workers under-25 years age are as much productive as the older employees (Gov.uk 2016). On the other hand, they face similar living expenses as faced by the older employees. If the young employees get less payment than their colleges above-25 years, doing the same tasks at same designation, they would be demotivated to work with the company. It would affect on their level of productivity. Their productivity would also affect the productivity of the entire organization (Sword 2012). The minister has been announced that, workers above-25 would gain 7.20 per hour from next financial year and it would reach 9 by 2020. In contrast, under 20 years employees would receive 5.3 and under 18 years em ployees would receive 3.87 per hour (Dathan 2015). Therefore, there would be a huge difference within the living wages received by a 24 and 25 years old employee working at same organization - holding same designation. It would create ego problems within employees and increase dissatisfaction towards organization. These small issues would be gathered over time and make a major issue in the organization. As a result the organizational culture would also be affected (Inman 2015). Therefore, it can be argued that, this policy can harm the organizational productivity of renowned companies. It has been reported from under 25-years old workers that, they are upset with this policy; they are being exploited in the organization by getting no breaks and huge pressure. According to the viewpoint of Inman (2015), such policies are sucking blood from our society and fair days pay for a fair days work, as living wage is for all. Small businesses are employing many youngsters over the years and provide service to the community (Dathan 2015). If each employee is paid high wages, these small businesses would not be able to retain these workers with great experience. Therefore, it can be said that, though it is an active policy and would beneficial for the employees over-25 years, it might demotivate young employees, who are not getting right amount of living wages, in spite of high productivity and high living expenses in UK The (Telegraph 2016). Reference List Barrow, C. and Burton, K., 2012. Business Skills All-In-One For Dummies. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley. Bbc.co.uk, 2016. What the new National Living Wage will mean for you. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/33460783/what-the-new-national-living-wage-will-mean-for-you [Accessed 7 Jan. 2016]. Dathan, M. 2015. Workers under 25 'don't deserve living wage because they're not as productive,' says Tory minister. Retrieved October 7th, 2015, from The Independent: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/workers-under-25-dont-deserve-living-wage-because-theyre-not-as-productive-says-tory-minister-a6683851.html Demianyk, G. 2016. 'Cheap' Young Workers Excluded From 'National Living Wage' Could Still Miss Out On Jobs, Government Says. [online] Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/12/14/national-living-wage-under-25-_n_8804738.html [Accessed 7 Jan. 2016]. Gov.uk, (2016). Welcome to GOV.UK. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/ [Accessed 7 Jan. 2016]. Harding, L., Oltermann, P. and Watt, N., 2015. Refugees welcome? How UK and Germany compare on migration. The Guardian, [online] 2 September. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/02/refugees-welcome-uk-germany-compare-migration [Accessed 3 Sep 2015]. Inman, P. 2015. National living wage will push up wages at more than half of employers. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/nov/18/national-living-wage-push-up-wages-more-half-employers-survey [Accessed 7 Jan. 2016]. Kenley, B. and Cashner, A. 2007. Article Template and Style Guide. INSIGHT, 10(4), pp.57-62. Saunders, C., 2015. The human tide moving this way: Fury and fighting as rail station is closed to migrants. Daily Star, [online] 2 September. Available at: https://dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/462536/human-tide-moving-this-way-Fury-fighting-rail-station-closed-migrants [Accessed 3 September 2015]. Sword, H., 2012. Stylish academic writing. Cambridge: Harvard Univ Press. The Telegraph, 2016. National Living Wage: Six things you must know after today's budget. [online] Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/budget/11726884/National-Living-Wage-Six-things-you-must-know-after-todays-budget.html [Accessed 7 Jan. 2016]. The Week UK, 2015. Minimum wage: are fears over living wage founded?. [online] Available at: https://www.theweek.co.uk/minimum-wage/60652/minimum-wage-national-living-wage-to-cost-businesses-1bn [Accessed 7 Jan. 2016].

Knowledge Through Loss free essay sample

Everyone has things that they wish they could have done differently, but my mine would have changed my life forever. My parents had been divorced since I was 7 years old, so I spent every other weekend at my dad’s house and this weekend was my dad’s with us. I always had fun over there, but this time was different. We spent the weekend fighting with each other. Finally, I had enough—unfortunately since I was in fifth grade, I couldn’t drive. So my mom came to get me once I called her and explained the situation. By then my dad apologized and asked me to stay, but I was too angry with him to stay. As I left, three words came out of my lips that I still beat myself up for today: â€Å"I hate you.† After waking up the next day (Sunday), my ill feelings towards my father were gone and I had thought about calling him to apologize and tell him I love him†¦but I didn’t. We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge Through Loss or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Two days now passed (it’s Monday) and I thought, I should call him†¦but I didn’t. The next day, he went missing and we assumed he went up north to Waupaca to clear his head. There was no contact with him and so my family got worried and called the police to send out search parties. The day was now Thursday, April 21, 2007. It was beautiful outside and I couldn’t stop staring out the windows of my fifth grade classroom. Not listening to Mrs. Krauser, only one thing on my mind—a rough and fun game of football after school. But then, in came Mrs. Emmerich. She pulled my teacher aside and whispered back and forth with her. I actually paid attention just in time to realize I was being called down to the office. Mrs. Emmerich then said in her stern voice, â€Å"Spencer, why don’t you take your things and follow me down to the office?† They told me to bring my things though? Why? They came to get me personally — I must be in some big trouble! But what for? As I got to the office they told me to go into the conference room and as I walked in I saw my mom. She looked quite upset, but I wasn’t sure what about. Maybe something is wrong with our dog Jake? Maybe I did actually do something to get me into deep trouble? How could I have known her next words? I couldn’t. No one could. â€Å"Spencer we found your dad. He’s committed suicide.† Why do you want me at your school? What is the point of this story? No it isn’t a guilt trip. I learned something very important from this. Life throws things at me all of the time. And it is my job to learn from it—although it was only one lesson lesson for me, it was the most important lesson of my life. Never procrastinate or get lazy because I will always regret it. If I am going to do somethingdo it. Now, I don’t even hesitate because it is impossible to actually know when too late is too late.

Dunkirk And Its Significance Essays - Dunkirk, Huns, Free Essays

Dunkirk And Its Significance Essays - Dunkirk, Huns, Free Essays Dunkirk And Its Significance Being a blue blooded Brit, and all that, I decided to write my piece on how historians view Dunkirk. My earliest thoughts on it were shaped by early black and white war films; with noble Tommies against vile Huns, gallantly beating out their escape, while under heavy attack. The truth about the matter was far from straightforward, with a host of variables, as well as lots of good luck. For us Dunkirk- though admittedly a failure, we did flee the field after all- was an amazing feat of sheer courage, National spirit, as well as raw tenacity, refusing to kick the can despite every odd stacked against us- rather like in the Battle of Agincourt. As we all know the story, I see no point in telling a biased version of events, so I will go through the interesting books I found. Interestingly enough the authors generally focus on different themes, either the success or failures of a particular side. My first book (see bibliography for details),edited by J. R. M. Butler, is surprisingly objective for a UK Military series book. Admittedly slightly biased, yet at the same time remarkably fair to Germany in its appraisals. The book starts before the retreat, of the mining(with around 7000 mines) of the channel, so creating a protective passage to France taking place between 11th September to October. This was completely successful bar one U-boat which came though before its completion. Three tried to break through, the U 12, and U 40 being blown up the third grounded itself trying to escape the mine field to be shot by surface vessels. Then it describes as many of the books do how many men returned to safety(approximately 337,000), which was far in excess of their wildest dreams of only 45,000, at the very most. It goes on to praise the men involved, [It] is a classic example of co-operation by the three Services then before it goes on to talk about the Germans, reminds us of the ca sualties, the Navy lost 228 ships, 45 badly damaged. It gives reasons why the German tanks were not sent down to the beaches, which would certainly have destroyed the Allied troops. Hitler strongly said that, the tank arm must not be used for operations for which it is best suited. Under no circumstancesbe permitted to become entangled in the endless confusion of rows of houses in Belgian towns. Also, it is noteworthy that at the time neither Guderian nor Kleist when they saw the position at close quarters thought that tanks should be used to attack Dunkirk. The main reasons for the German failures are given as, Bocks inability to exploit the gap in the British left when the Belgian front was broken. And, The mistake of German High Command in thinking that Ostend was our most important evacuation port. It concludes quite rightly that though the Germans tried their best, they failed. Our next book is by Basil Collier, who despite his unfortunate name, gives us a very interesting insight to the air war, the priorities of the defense of England, and the tactical repercussions for both sides. The withdraw was given air support by Air Vice-Marshall Gossage, in charge of No.11 group, who were responsible for the air defense of South- East England. The problem for Gossage was not very easy, on the one hand he had the Air- Ministry, telling him to, protect Dunkirk with maximum strength, yet he also had to consider the very plausible chance that German bombers could pop up, and attack undefended tracts of land, if he moved his bombers from that region. The books conclusion was that, the effort made was about the biggest compatible with prudence. Gossage, did not concentrate squadrons in the area, preferring instead to fly up to an average of 300 sorties per day. The heroic pilots who were, almost at cracking point at the third day, kept up their efforts, the general cons ensus from the men on the ground seemed to be positive, a vital factor in the success of the mission. However the main bonus was that it boosted moral, for the Battle of Britain, which incidentally was another brilliant success for us,

Nao Bell and Jar with Sculptural Rim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nao Bell and Jar with Sculptural Rim - Essay Example is serves to indicate that the primitive art creators of the age had some measure of geometry and trigonometry incorporated, which is evident from the very geometric patterns on the rim. Additionally, the curves used to compile the base of the jar provide further evidence for the use of advanced geometrical techniques. The second piece, the Nao bell, provides another unique experience of Oriental craftsmanship. The colour of the Nao bell indicates that it was fashioned by water exposure over time since the existing colour belies the materials used to create the piece (Kimbell Art Museum). The Nao bell shows the detail that was assigned to art pieces, especially of a ritualistic nature, in ancient Chinese society. The scrolls on the sides of the Nao bell signify the intricacy that could be produced through castings from the period since it would require detailed mold making including provisions for precise cast making. In addition, the curves defining the rims of the Nao bell and the depression inside the bell are also testament to the virtuosos of the

Economic Development Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Economic Development - Research Paper Example Notably, it has also been demonstrated in certain other areas relating to business activities such as trade, manufacturing and other business operations. In this context, industrializations, economic policies and export activities among others are considered to be the most important factors for the all-round development of a country. Human capital is also considered to be an important aspect which assists in the development of economies by a considerable level (Khan, Zhang, Hashmi and Bashir, â€Å"Cultural Values and Economic Growth in Asia: An Empirical Analysis†). Economic development in the Asian countries can be recognized by taking into concern certain valuable aspects like trade activities and better investment opportunities among others. In the worldwide context, Asia has been viewed to be the fast growing or developing economy and is recognized to be one of the leading financial centers throughout the globe. The financial advancement of Asia can be noted in the develo pment of its various nations like Japan, China, South Korea, India and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. The economic conditions of these Asian countries have been viewed to be developing in a continuous manner (Ishido, â€Å"East Asia’s Economic Development cum Trade â€Å"Divergence†Ã¢â‚¬ ). It has been apparently observed that there laid certain imperative factors which are held responsible for the economic development of the aforementioned Asian countries in the 21st century. In this regard, the factors comprise adoption as well as implementation of pioneering technological advancements, globalization of world economy, diverse trade activities and enhanced policies linked with financial development. Moreover, another important factor that contributes in developing the financial position of the different Asian countries is the role played by the government in the respective nations. The governments belonging to different nations of Asia int roduced as well as implemented various favorable economic and political policies that eventually resulted in raising the standards of the financial position of the Asian countries by a greater extent. Besides, the policies that formed as well as executed by the government belonging to different nations of Asia have improved business as well as human welfare activities resulting in better economic development. Apart from the aforementioned factors, the financial development of

Bad News Message Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bad News Message - Assignment Example Our mission is to deliver the best products to our clients and provide them with top of the line after-sales service. It is the practice of our company to grant watch replacement requests from our customers especially if after inspection of our technical department the request is valid and if it is within the warranty period. Unfortunately, we checked our records and found out that your watch was purchased last April 9, 2008; therefore, the three-year warranty has expired last April 9, 2011. All our watches, including the Magnifique 89379 are designed to last to up to an average of 15 years with proper care and maintenance. In as much as we can no longer replace your watch, you may visit the nearest service center and bring your Magnifique. We will be glad to repair it and give you a 12% discount on labor charges. Our technical department will be happy to assist you. They will give you free advice on the proper handling and maintenance of your watch to make it last for at least 15 years and

Child Observation, A Reflective Report

Child Observation, A Reflective Report As a student social worker, I was required to complete a Child observation over a period of six weeks. In order to prepare I had to decide the child and family I wanted to observe, on this occasion I decided I would observe a child from a mixed race back ground of age 0-12 months. The child I observed was 12 months from a single parent family and had three older siblings, the observation took place at her home after I acquired consent from the mother I started my task. It was essential to understand what observation was and I determined that it is an informed way of viewing or looking at something that raises awareness and increases understanding. At the start of the observation I felt very uncomfortable being in unfamiliar territory, I felt that it was unfair for me to subject this family to my own values, principles and prejudices. Although I felt that my chosen environment in which to observe was the right one, I had great concerns of my lack of experience and how the family would respond to me as an outsider in their lives. I was also very anxious about how this process would affect me as a parent and my parenting skills or lack of it was an intense moment. I questioned whether my role as an observer was really necessary but I had to get understanding of what observation was and meant to me. Trevithick (2012, pg: 169) stated that we learn a lot by observing others and as such learn what is being transmitted through tone of voice, volume, intonation, posture and gestures. As I observed the child I realised that I learnt a great deal not only as an observer but as a mother and reflection on my own childhood, upbringing and previous job role. There was a great deal of thought about the emotional impact of the observation on myself as the observer. Firstly I learnt the importance of observation, I realised that it was very essential to watch and listen than to speak because a great deal is achieved by watching, listening and being silent. Baldwin (1994, pg 83) stated through observation one is hearing and valuing the voice of the observed, and I believed that without words being said there was a connection between the child and I. (ability to remain detached to suspend judgement and refrain from participation, being aware of feelings and attitudes evoked, not initiating interaction, Precise recording which distinguishes what actually happened from what interpretation, Secondly I learnt that observation is a skill that is learnt and acquired with training and practice. Before this task as a family support worker I was required to observe people and make decisions, I had no prior train or knowledge but I did it .In addition Fawcett (2009 pg 16) stated that We learn much from our observations but we must accept that what we see is the tip of the iceberg.Observation assists the observer to get a better understanding of the childs internal and external world. Furthermore had a great awareness of the environment I was in and of verbal and non-verbal interaction between the child and parent as well. Fawcett (2009 pg 17) conquers as she states that observation is a rewarding chance to discover ways that people communicate and also how different gestures mean different things in different cultures. I was more aware of how power and hierarchies operate and how relatively powerless position of children, and this is clearly emphasised by (Fawcett 2009 pg18). Despite the advantages of the observation there were a few disadvantages such as: I felt that one hour was a very short time and I was not getting the whole picture from the family. The observation was taking place on Friday and that was a lot of time in between visits. Inexperience was a big deal because I continually observed the child as a mother I was unable to detach my role as a mother with my role as a student. Healy (2012 pg 34) argued that it is a practice which recognises the centrality of the emotions, body and mind of the worker and service user. It is essential to note that while there may be a few disadvantages as social workers the skill of observation is crucial to the day to day practice (Tanner 1995 pg 50). As part of the process I had to present my findings to the group and use PowerPoint presentation on reflection I learnt a great deal. As a social worker one requires good written and verbal communication skills and I believe that through presenting to the group I demonstrated the skills above. Stogdon Kiteley (2010 pg 147) emphasised that contributions to discussions and note- taking is the beginning of acquiring these skills. The feedback given to others made the subject area and what was expected clearer in the presentation. In practice we are given feedback from service users and colleagues this was a preparation process for what is expected. The importance of keeping eye contact and the audience interested in the subject matter, I had to ensure that the group was clear on the points that were being made. Verbal presentation by individual students is a chance to increase, advance and offer different methods of learning in the lectures, visual presentations. I had the benefit of the feedback and expertise, not only from the lecture but from my peers as well. My peers had an opportunity to ask questions and this helped me make my points clearer. By presenting to my peers, I was able to get constructive ideas which I used in order to make changes to the final draft. I also learnt that it is important to provide constructive feedback and how essential critical thinking was during this process. Furthermore I gained insight into other areas of child observation. The disadvantage of presenting was that it I felt time was too short and it took time for me to limit my information to present. I was very emotional and nervous and this may have come across during my presentation. During the observation I picked up from the mother that the childs father was not there for the first six months .Furthermore she stated that he only came to see the children when he felt like and on most occasions unannounced. On the two occasions that he came round as a woman and mother, I was very angry and disgusted by his behave and I felt that he was not a good parent. I then reflected back to my childhood and the close relationship I have with my father and this made me cross. As I observed him and the attachment he had with his children I realised that we are all human and can only do our best and I had no right to Judge him. This was a lesson for me and to realise that in practice there may be situations that will test my values beliefs and that I have to deal with them in a professional way. Gibbs (1998 pg 9) stated that it is from feelings and thought emerging from reflection that generalisations or concepts that allow new situations to be tackled effectively. Thomas and Pierson (1995pg 16) define anti discriminatory practice as a term used in social work training to describe how workers account of structural disadvantage and seek to reduce individual and institutional discrimination on grounds of race, gender, disability, social class and sexual orientation. Observation was listed as one of the five key stages that influence social work because it helps the worker to see and what to look for beyond race and gender (Howe 1987 pg 82).Thompson (1997 pg 34) model of anti à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"oppressive practice demonstrates the three areas that are joined personal prejudice, cultural beliefs and ethos and social and structural factors. When working to safeguard and promote the welfare of a child the family, environmental factors, parenting capacity and a childs development are looked at which provides holistic view of a child. As social workers vital and complex decisions are made based on observations therefore it is essential that the skills t o observe and assess are achieved. This is due to the fact that decisions and actions have far reaching consequences it helps to come to objective conclusions while dealing with a family. In social work practice all children and their families should be treated the same regardless of their colour, gender, race or religious beliefs. On reflection the observation was a learning curve ready for actual practice.

Comparing Morality in The Prince, Second Treatise of Government, and Ut

Comparing Morality  in  The Prince, Second Treatise of Government, and Utilitarianism Niccolo Machiavelli, John Locke, and John Stuart Mill present three distinct models of government in their works The Prince, Second Treatise of Government, and Utilitarianism. From an examination of these models it is possible to infer their views about human nature and its connection to the purpose of government. A key to comparing these views can be found in an examination of their ideas of morality as an intermediary between government and human nature. Whether this morality must be inferred from their writings or whether it is explicitly mentioned, it differs among the three in its definition, source, and purpose. Approximately three hundred years separate the earliest of these works, The Prince, from the most recent, Utilitarianism, and a progression is discernible in the concept of morality over this span. Machiavelli does not mention the word "morality," but his description of the trends and ideals of human political interaction allow for a reasonable deduction of the concept. Locke, too, does not use the word, but he does write of "the standard of right and wrong." In contrast, Mill writes explicitly and extensively of morality in its forms, sources, and obligations. A logical starting point in this examination is a look at their relative views of human nature. To Machiavelli, people are children that need order. They are childlike, not in their innocence, but in their passions. They are ungrateful, greedy, deceptive, and fickle. However, they are also rational and interested in avoiding danger. In calculating their interests they can perceive the need to join together to pursue common goals, such as conquest for acquisition, p... ...e driven into civil society by their contentious natures. As such, all three have the need for an organizing and directing influence in society to ensure that it accomplishes the ends for which it exists. For Machiavelli and for Locke, this influence comes directly from the government. For Mill, this influence comes from within society, the associations one forms with other people; however it requires a certain minimal support from the government to keep it on the proper track. This influence is morality, and it is an extension of human nature. Works Cited Locke, John. The Second Treatise of Government, ed. Thomas Peardon, New York, Bobbs-Merrill, 1952. Machiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince. Trans. Hill Thompson. Norwalk: The Easton Press, 1980. Mill, John Stuart. † Utilitarianism Resources. BLTC. 19 January 2003.

Proposal to Eliminate Obesity

Stewart, M. June 13, 2011 Eng-106 Proposal to eliminate Obesity The fight against obesity is an ongoing battle; peoples all over the world are struggling to lose weight. Obesity is one of the most leading causes of death worldwide; this disease causes life threatening health conditions, such as high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, arthritis, sleep apnea, strokes and cancer. The number of obese individuals throughout the world has doubled since three decades ago, which has become a high risk health factor in today’s society.Recent studies show that one out of every ten individual worldwide has been diagnosed as being obese. Despite the increasing obesity dilemma, studies indicate that some doctors find it hard to address weight issues with obese patients. Although, the doctor and patient know there is a problem, neither is willing to discuss it. This only makes the problem more complex later on, when it could have been resolved in the early stages. Wil liam, Bestermann Jr. , a medical director for Holston Medical Group in Kingsport, Tenn. states that â€Å"if doctors are committed to keeping patients from having strokes or heart attacks, then this conversation cannot be avoided, and they have to help their patients lose weight. † Bestermann has developed a plan for doctors to help guide and successfully treat obese patients on a committee for the Stop Obesity/Alliances, which consist of professional businesses, healthcare providers, unions and insurers whose sole purpose is to strategize an attack on obesity. Doctors have joined the fight against obesity, in an effort to win the war on obesity.Medical advisors suggest that primary care doctors launch a well-developed attack against obesity, in order to expand their patient’s lifespan due to the fact that it decreases their quality of life and also accounts for billions of dollars in health expenses. The most common reason for the excessive increase in health expenses ; there are about seventy-two million peoples in the United States who are obese, which enhances an evolution of chronic health conditions associated with obesity. If doctors and health insurance companies work together to discover an effective solution to eliminate obesity, this would save billions of nnocent lives. Preventive methods to help in the fight against obesity are inevitable due to the present circumstances. The Staff at the Mayo Clinic state that the purpose for obesity treatment is to help individuals reach and keep a healthy weight. A person seeking treatment should be monitored by health professionals, therapist, nutritionist, dietician, and an obesity specialist in an effort to maintain a healthier lifestyle. Obesity is a life threatening disease that causes other serious chronic diseases if not treated properly.Most peoples become obese by no fault of their own, due to psychological problems, lifelong illnesses and other distressful aspects in their life. My propos al based on my research is that President Obama, Congress and Healthcare Professionals should take a stand on this life threatening disease as soon as possible. The president can only do so much if Congress does not approve a bill. It is a tragic to see so many peoples in this world suffering and dying from any kind of disease that is in fact preventable. Obesity being one of them should be at the top of the list, because it is the main cause of all these other incurable diseases.If preventing or ridding the world of obesity is the key to optimal health, and expand a person’s lifespan. Why has Congress done something about it? Are doctors really concerned about their patients’ health? Some of our kids are even obese; obesity is a serious condition that most of us fell to realize. How can we say that, America is the land of the proud and the brave, if we as peoples of this great nation refuse to come together and take a stand on what is right? Obesity is an ongoing war that has hindered and defined our society far too long; it is time that we do something about this crisis, before it is too late.And our society becomes extinct. Peoples of this great land take a stand, in order to make a change we must come together. I am a firm believer in change, therefore by the will of God and myself, I will address President Obama and Congress on this issue to fight obesity starting today, because tomorrow is not promised to you or me. We have to live for today and help others in the process, who are unable to help themselves. I find this to be very disturbing that so many peoples in the world are obese. And nothing is being done about it. Society what has happened to us?Will we continue to sit back and do nothing? Even if Congress have to pass a bill for an effective method to fight obesity, than they should. For every man, woman and child that are diagnosed as obese, effective immediately they should be offered weight-loss surgery. Many in the past have died because they were obese; this is not something Congress does not know about. Some obese individuals reach out for help from their physicians; the answer to their consistent weight gain problem is to stop eating or exercise more. This is the solution to end obesity, not applicable.Are doctors failing to save lives? Do they offer the best health advice to patients? I have to admit a doctor’s job seems a little overwhelming, with the enormous amount of patients that they see and treat daily, but if you cannot trust your own doctor in regards to your health issues, who can you trust. If doctors know of any cures to save millions of life’s yearly. Are they entitled to share their findings with patients? References Greene, C. , & Hellmich, N. (2009, October 06). Doctors join fight against obesity- USATODAY. com.News, Travel, Weather, Entertainment, Sports, Technology, U. S & World-USATODAY. com. Retrieved June 15, 2011, from http://www. usatoday. com/news/health/weightloss/ 2009-10-06-doctors-obesity_N. htm Staff, M. C. (2011, May 06). Obesity: Treatments and drugs-MayoClinic. com. Mayo Clinic. June 13, 2011, from http://www. mayoclinic. com/health/obesity/DS00314/DSECTION-treatments-and-drugs Reeves, R. (2005) Working Together to Fight Obesity. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 105(5), 13-13. doi:10. 1016/j. jada. 2005. 03. 018

Death Penalty Mush Be Abolish in the United States

The death penalty must be abolished in the United States. Outline I. Death penalty must be abolished world A. Death penalty is the sentence of death for a person convicted of a capital offence, is currently used in 58 countries around the world, and is also legal sentence in 33  states. (Harrison, Tamony P2) B. Abolished to end the observance or effect. (www. merriam-webster. com) C. Preview 1. Background information of death penalty 2. Arguments between death penalty and human rights 3. Death penalty mistakes 4. Government financial burden of death penalty. 5. All I Can See proofII. Background information of death penalty A. History of death penalty B. Current debates on death penalty III. Arguments between death penalty and human rights A. The human rights organization opposes death penalty because of the inhumanity of this punishment 1. Human rights omissions 2. Moral issue B. The death penalty deprives criminal’s human of rights. The death penalty is against religionâ₠¬â„¢s principle of Buddhism. IV. The mistakes of the death penalty Death penalty cause innocent people after the execution. B. Unfairness of death penalty. 1. Race bias in the death penalty . Gender discrimination in the death penalty V. Government financial burden on the death penalty A. The death penalty costs are larger Government pays for the bill of execution of death penalty VI. All I can see part Brown land is a dead land; it referred to the influence of death penalty. VII. Death penalty must be forbidden in the world The death penalty must be abolished in the United States. â€Å"The death penalty, the sentence of death for a person convicted of a capital offence, is currently used in 58 countries around the world, and is also legal sentence in 33  states. Harrison, Tamony. P. 2)  Ã‚  One hundred and thirty nine countries in the world have abolished the death penalty under their systems of law. Clearly, the majority of the world already understands that the death penalt y must be abolished. This paper will prove the necessity of abolishing the death penalty. For the purpose of this paper, death penalty is defined in accordance with Harrison and Tamony. Abolish is defined as the end to the observance or effect of something (www. merriam-webster. com).Three main arguments will be put forward: the fact that the death penalty violates human rights, un-reversible errors have been and can be made in assigning the death penalty, and finally that it is a financial burden on the governments who still adhere to it. A literary proof based on the novel  All I Can See  will also be put forth to strengthen the case against the death penalty. In the seventeenth century, the death penalty was the major punishment to sentence criminals who committed capital crimes. In seventeen century, England government was authorized to hang criminals in public as a major punishment.However, the truth is the death penalty was not only used for the person who broke the law, i t was also used to eliminate political opponents. In Europe, before the modern prison system completed, the death penalty was used to sentence general criminals. During the time of Henry VIII, over 72,000 people are estimated to have been executed. During the year 1820 in Britain, about 160 crimes were punished by death, including crimes such as shoplifting, petty theft, stealing cattle, or cutting down trees in public place. ( Bedau.Hugo Adam, 3) Since World War II, the world set off a wave of abolishing the death penalty. According to information published by Amnesty International, 97 countries had abolished capital punishment altogether, 8 had done so for all offences except under special circumstances, and 36 had not used it for at least 10 years or were under a moratorium. The other 57 retained the death penalty in active use. (Amnesty International, 10 June 2008. ) However, death penalty was always not use in heinous crimes. (See Table 1, Bedau.Hugo Adam, 7) Table 1: Capital c rime in the united states, by execution and number of jurisdiction, 1965 Type of offense| number of jurisdiction| Executions carried out between 1930 and 1965| Capitally punishable homicide| 44| Yes| Murder| 40| Yes| Other homicide| 20| Yes| kidnapping| 34| Yes| Treason| 21| No| Rape| 19| Yes| Carnal knowledge| 15| No| Armed robbery| 10| Yes| Perjury in a capital case| 10| No| Bombing| 7| No| Assault by a life-term prisoner| 5| Yes| Burglary| 4| Yes| Arson| 4| No| Train wrecking| 2| No| Train robbery| 2| No| Espionage| 2| Yes| Bank robbery | 2| Yes|Sabotage| 1| Yes| Desertion in wartime| 1| Yes| Other| 14| No| *source: Bedau 1982:9 From the table, it is clear that some non-homicide crimes still can be sentence to dead, such as assault by a life-term prisoner or bank robbery. On the contrary, other dangerous crimes are not to be used in the death penalty field, such as bombing and arson. In 1972, at the time of Supreme Court’s Furman, the majority of public tends to agree with the death penalty. The major reason for support of the death penalty was the serious violent offenders need to be executed in the interest of public safety.However, according to a Gallup poll, supporter for the death penalty dropped from 76 to 53, public started to against the death penalty. Since then, the world has the trend toward of abolishing the death penalty. The right to life is the most basic right for human beings. â€Å"The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights1 (ICCPR) prohibits the use of torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment to deprived criminal liberty, which is referred to the death penalty. (Mukherjee Amrita, 2) In the past, hanging was the common method of capital punishment.Other methods including, crucifixion, drowning, beating and burning. Now, even lethal injection is the capital punishment, but prisoners may have experienced torturous pain during their executions. In the United States, New Jersey is the only st ates that allows public to watch the whole process. In the thirty-six states, â€Å"the same three-drug sequence for lethal injections: sodium thiopental to render the condemned inmate unconscious; pancuronium bromide to paralyze the condemned inmate’s voluntary muscles; and potassium chloride to rapidly induce cardiac arrest and cause death. (Fellner, J and Tofte, 23) However, according to Hyman Rights Watch research, this three-sequence puts prisoners at a high risk situation if the drugs does not affect. Yet to change the drugs sequence, government still chooses the old method by follow the policy. Moreover, inmates placed and unusual circumstances (death penalty diminishes the humanity of everyone it touches. ) and death row inmates will cause criminal’s mental illness and mental disabilities. Similarly, the European Convention on Human (ECHR) also claims that â€Å"no one shall be subjected to torture or other inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment. (Mukh erjee Amrita, 5) Moreover, unusual circumstances and mental pressure may lead to innocent people committed made-up crime. Moreover, the state of Michigan was the one of the earliest governments in the world to abolish the death penalty in 1846. But still, there is a hot debate about if law says kill people is a crime, but government still using the death penalty to sentence criminals, it is also seen as a broken law behavior. The death penalty is a serious moral error. The two points approach to the death penalty morality are consequentialist and deontological.The consequentialist theory believes that the death penalty accord with the human moral principles because it prevent potential murder. Sometimes, the government uses â€Å"aggregate welfare† as an excuse to using the death penalty. The welfare is using death penalty to deter potential criminals in order to achieve the purpose for reducing crime. At the same time, no one can guarantee that government follows the â€Å" aggregate welfare† rule to using capital punishment. â€Å"The government authorizes its agents to inflict capital punishment, but does not authorize private parties to murder; indeed it forbids murder. † (Sunstein, Cass R. and Adrian Vermeule. 13) This is an obvious moral contradiction between what government allows itself to do and what is disallows its citizens to do. The public regards the government action as a moral standard, the decision government made influences public opinion. On the other hand, the deontologist’s supporters believe that any killing is against moral principle. Life-life tradeoff is the key of the moral issue. This method is best way â€Å"to the extent that a refusal to impose capital punishment yields a significant increase in the number of deaths of innocent people† instead of risk-risk tradeoff. Sunstein, Cass R. , and Adrian Vermeule. 6) Authorize private parties to murder; indeed it forbids murder. A survey from Gallup about Values and Beliefs in American moral views of social issues shows that in 2012, only 58 people saying the death penalty is morally acceptable, and this number down from 65% compare with 2011. The dramatic drop shows that along with the society development, more and more people are tends to against death penalty. Another important survey exposes in 2010, this survey is about public opinion of whether put murders in the death penalty or stay in the prison for life.Less than half (49%) chose the death penalty, while 46% chose life without parole. (gallup. com) not everybody agrees abolished the death penalty, but from the statics, most citizens support to abolish the capital punishment. â€Å"For some such consequentialists, killings are, under ordinary, circumstances, a violation of rights, and this point is highly relevant to any judgment, about killings. † (Sunstein, Cass R. , and Adrian Vermeule. 15) The death penalty is a cruel punishment that should be abolish to accord w ith public opinion. The death penalty is against the moral principle of Buddhism.Considering that Buddhist take most of proportion of the world's population, especially in Asian nations. ( Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. 2) Compare to western religion, such as Christianity, the Buddhism focus on life meaning. The â€Å"Four Noble Truths† are the essential principle in Buddhism, first is† all life is characterized by suffering†; second, â€Å"ignorance, attachment, and anger cause human suffering†; third, the cause of suffering can be terminated; and the forth one is â€Å"suffering can be overcome through the â€Å"Noble Eightfold Path. These four rules is the basis of Buddhism morality, which decide what is good or bad. (Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. 4-6). For the death penalty, the death row is obvious unacceptable for the Buddhist. Even death penalty been use to punish criminals, but before the execution, the longtime death ro w will cause criminals mental illness. In Buddhism principle, all the creatures are have life, and needs to be respect, the memory and imagination makes people different from animals. (Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. ) The Buddhist follows up the rules of do not killing while the government sentence prisoners to death. Buddhism monks avoid to use violence, but in death penalty, even drowning, hanging was exist in the past, but the death row and metal torture still counts as violence. â€Å"Buddhist doctrines hold nonviolence and compassion for all life in high regard(Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. 13) Because the death penalty disrespect life value, abolishing is necessary. Since the justice system is not mistake-free, so an error will leads to an innocent person being executed.Based on Michael J Berwanger article, â€Å"Death Is Different: Actual Innocence and Categorical Exclusion Claims under the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act,†Ã‚   there are two types of innocence: â€Å"one claiming actual innocence of the underlying offense, and the other claiming innocence of the penalty. (Berwanger Michael J  Page 3) However, both types of innocent people can be sentenced in death. A study from Columbia University, release by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), Professor James Liebman says that â€Å"thousands of capital sentences that had been reviewed by courts in 34 states from 1973 to 1995.    There is a clear sign to show that justice system still have many mistakes. No one can guarantee the absolute justice. Moreover, Liebman also mentions that â€Å"†An astonishing 82 percent of death row inmates did not deserve to receive the death penalty,†Ã¢â‚¬  At last, he concludes that â€Å"‘One in twenty death row inmates are later found not guilty. ’† (ACLU. org) From the statics, it is clear there is no way to revise the death penalty mistake. Also, a survey from American Civi l Liberties Union shows that until February 2004, 113 inmates had been found innocent and released from death row. ACLU. org)  More than half of these have been released in the last 10 years. That means one person has been exonerated for every eight people executed. Yet for others who do not have a chance to release from death row are being executed. There have been over 1,000 people executed since 1976 also innocent. Hence, there is a list from a project of the University of the Michigan Law School and the Center on Wrongful Convictions at Northwestern University School of Law about known exonerations in the United States ? to support that the death penalty must be abolished.The death penalty is racist and gender bias According to an article â€Å"Racial Discrimination in the Administration of the Death Penalty: The Experience of the United States Armed Forces (1984-2005),† the race bias in the death penalty directly impeded justice. As we know, racial discrimination is a historical issue since the 19th century, which year is the blooming period of slave trade. Hundreds of years later, the discrimination between different races still exists. A report released by the New Jersey Supreme Court  in 2001 mentions that the death penalty possible use as a primary punishment for crime murder a white victim.The report proves that the race influences the judicial fairness; the race cannot determine the crime. Furthermore, a survey from The U. S. Department of Justice (DOJ) says â€Å"Of the 18 prisoners currently on federal death row, 16 are either African-American, Hispanic or Asian. † The color of one’s skin determined the severity of the punishment. Ironically, 84% of victims in death penalty cases are white, although only 50% of murder victims are white. (ACLU. org)   It is ridiculous and unacceptable that the color of a defendant has great influence on  decision who receiving the death penalty.Besides that, the death penalty is also as sociated with gender discrimination. The female victim cases more likely leads defendant to sentence death than the male victim cases. (Marian Williams R, Demuth Stephen and Holcomb Jefferson E. 3) Although the society advocates gender equality, the current justice system clearly violates this principle. Moreover, another debate between female and male is â€Å"female homicide victims may be perceived as engaging in less disreputable or contributing conduct associated with their own victimization compared with male victims. † Marian Williams R, Demuth Stephen and Holcomb Jefferson E. ) Race and gender play significant roles in today’s judicial system instead of laws; it is inevitable that the country abolish the death penalty. The death penalty is a financial burden on the government. Before the defendant is sentenced to death, there are many appears and re-trails. Generally, even the little mistake will raise the outcome. In the article â€Å"Minority Practice, Major ity's Burden: The Death Penalty Today†, there is a static to shows that death cases may spend more money than expected, and the figure could be as high as 78%. (Liebman, James S. ; Clarke, Peter.Page 51 ) Moreover, the death penalty costs a significant more amount of money than keeping criminals life in prison without parole. A research from California says that â€Å"California taxpayers pay at least $117 million each year at the post-conviction level seeking execution of people currently on death row, or $175,000 per inmate per year. † (Minsker Natasha 3) These statics shows how expensive to execute criminals instead of keep them in prison for life. On the other hand, the costs of general prison is $59 million a year, it is much cheap compare with the costs of death penalty.In addition to that, â€Å"everyone involved in a death penalty case must be specially ‘qualified’ as capable and experienced, including the defense attorney, the judge and the jury. † (Minsker Natasha. 7) Which means the government must spend a large amount of money to hire qualified person to inspect every death penalty cases. In fact, a research from federal system reveals that â€Å"prosecution costs were 67 percent higher than defense costs in death penalty cases. The same study found that defense costs in death penalty cases were four times higher than in non-death penalty cases. † (Minsker Natasha. ) The government should use the higher cost of the death penalty money on other programs of public safety. In the novel  All I Can See, there are some literary proof to support that death penalty must be abolished. In brown land, the brown butterfly was sparkly sentenced to death but he was innocence, and the brown land was a death row. When the beautiful fragile butterfly came, and told the brown butterfly the scenery of green land, actually she offers hope, which like reprieve to the brown butterfly, but he refuse to took it because he thought the chance that can be removed from death row is very small. Don’t be silly, flowers can’t be red, all the flowers are blue. I have seen some of my land is green too, but positively flowers can only be blue. † (Bloom. 10) Similarly, the beautiful butterfly’s strong shadow can be seen as convicted crime, so the fish ask her to come down that she can get a reprieve. â€Å"A shadow†¦and that is not good at all†¦You must know, little one, it is not good to break the flow, and especially not by creating strong shadow. † (Bloom. 26) from those two scenarios, it is clear that the capital punishment will threaten innocent people to accept plea bargaining to avoid death.Moreover, the world of green land is flourishing because there is no death penalty, so the beautiful fragile butterfly has the rainbow color bespeckled wings, and the bee also live in the green land. In the contrast, the brown land is a dead land, just the brown butterfly live there and he does not want to leave this land under death penalty pressure. â€Å"Yes, I am from this land, but no, I have not traveled beyond my land, and here I see only me. † The death penalty caused great mental damages to criminals, and leads decay of the society. From the material shown, it is obvious that the death penalty must be abolished.The inhuman execution method is a cruel torture that deprives criminals of their basic human rights. There is no way to reverse existing injustices which have led directly to the death of innocent people, and such mistakes prove that the death penalty must be abolished. Moreover, race bias and gender discrimination still exists today. Furthermore, keeping inmates on death row costs a larger amount of money in government finance, so abolishing the death penalty is the most efficient way to help government to unload this financial burden.In addition to that, from analyzing the book All I Can See, we can clearly see that the pressure the de ath penalty caused innocent people death by analysis the journey of butterfly cross the ocean. In order to preserve the people's human rights and maintain the stability of the country, the death penalty must be abolished. Abolishing the death penalty is the only way to ensure justice and control criminal costs. Citation 1. Bedau. Hugo Adam. â€Å"The Death Penalty in America: Current Controversies. † Oxford University Press 1997. google book search. June 24 2012.June 24, 2012 2. Mukherjee, Amrita. â€Å"The Death Penalty as Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment. † Criminal justice. Journal of Criminal Law, Dec2004, Vol. 68 Issue 6, p507-519, 13p. The ICCPR as a ‘Living Instrument': June 24, 2012 3. Fellner, J, and Tofte, S. â€Å"So long as they die: Lethal injections in the United States. † 2006, 65p.Criminal justice. June 24, 2012 4. Sunstein, Cass R, and Adrian Vermeule. â€Å"Is capital punishment morally required? † Acts, omissions, and lif e-life tradeoffs. †Ã‚  Stanford Law Review  Dec. 2005: 703+. Criminal Justice Collection. Web. 10 July 2012 5. Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. â€Å"Mercy and Punishment: Buddhism and the Death Penalty. †Ã‚  Social Justice  28. 1 (2001): 231. Criminal Justice Collection. Web. 10 July 2012. < http://web. ebscohost. com. rlib. pace. edu/ehost/detail? sid=b1ef5f32-9e10-4cae-b8a9-ab941ce370e8%40sessionmgr112&vid=1&hid=125&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=cja&AN=5376332 > 6. Berwanger, Michael J. â€Å"Death Is Different: Actual Innocence and Categorical Exclusion Claims Under The Antiterrorism And Effective Death Penalty Act.   New England Journal On Criminal ; Civil Confinement  38. 2 (2012): 307-337. Criminal Justice Abstracts. Web. 10 July 2012. ( http://web. ebscohost. com. rlib. pace. edu/ehost/detail? sid=606d7b0d-5e02-4b278512310e443c2da9%40sessionmgr115;vid=1;hid=127;bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=cja;AN=77479856) *h ttp://www. law. umich. edu/special/exoneration/Pages/browse. aspx 7. Newell Richard, et al. â€Å"Racial Discrimination in The Administration Of The Death Penalty: The Experience Of The United States Armed Forces (1984-2005). â€Å"Journal Of Criminal Law ; Criminology  101. (2011): 1227-1335. Criminal Justice Abstracts. Web. 10 July 2012. ( http://web. ebscohost. com. rlib. pace. edu/ehost/detail? sid=80aef264-f53f-4c62-8534-fd4b54d079f8%40sessionmgr112;vid=1;hid=127;bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=cja;AN=73365192) 8. Marian Williams R, Demuth Stephen and Holcomb Jefferson E. â€Å"Understanding the Influence of Victim Gender in Death Penalty Cases: The Importance of Victim Race, Sex-Related Victimization, and Jury Decision Making. †Ã‚  Criminology  45. 4 (2007): 865-891. Criminal Justice Abstracts. Web. 10 July 2012.

Research of an Innovative Hardware Object Essays

Research of an Innovative Hardware Object Essays Research of an Innovative Hardware Object Essay Research of an Innovative Hardware Object Essay After you create your object using your computer assisted software or CAD, he digital AD model is saved as a SST file and sent to the printer. Before you start printing anything you have to add a select amount of the material that you have decided to use (plaster, ballistic, polyurethane, polyester, epoxy, metal etc. ). Then the printer prints out your object on a bed and youre finished. There is another method that you can use to AD print your desired object, this method is called fused deposition modeling or FED. In this method molten polymer is sprayed onto a support layer and the object is built layer by layer until complete. What companies manufacture AD printers? The market for AD printers Is beginning to grow. There are many companies that specialize In producing and selling AD printers but for this assignment Im going to focus on the following. Some of the companies that manufacture industrial AD printers are; Object Geometries founded in 1998, Z Corporation founded in 1994, Strategy founded in 1988, disesteems founded in 1986. Some of the companies that manufacture AD printers for home use are; Makeover Industries founded in 2009, Ultimate founded in 2011, and Potboil founded by disesteems. What are the models that are made by various companies? Models made by: Z Corporation: The Project 3510 SD produces high quality parts perfect for engineering and mechanical design applications. Strategy: The Forts mace system builds durable and accurate parts as large as 914 x 610 x mm. It also has 11 different material options suitable for anything from bulging fixtures and factory tooling to end-use parts and even functional prototypes. disesteems: The Cube X Duo is one of the best and most popular desktop/personal ad printers with the ability to print and object as big as a basketball! Makeover: The Makeover Replicated ZOO is so advanced that you can create and print two objects at the same time. App and cloud enabled so you can connect with wife and USB with no problems at all. Ultimate: The ultimate 2 has the industry leading print to size ratio. It has the smallest footprint and highest build volume among all desktop AD printers. Also, it is an open filament system meaning that the cost of material is very low compared to other ad printers because you can use any filament you choose. Potboil: The Cube X has an advanced settings option that allows you to specialized and personalized the way you print In 8 different colors! Also, It Includes Its own printing sof tware. Strengths of this component Include: Cheap Manufacturing: AD printing is increasingly being used by large companies sun as converse or Ales to replace some AT tenet normal maturating meet This is achieved through lower shipping and packaging costs from overseas parts suppliers, less human work and cheaper and reliable materials. Quicker Production: The speed of AD printing compared to ordering parts from different suppliers all over the world is like comparing the speed of a turtle and the speed of a race car. Why old you want to wait weeks or maybe months for parts to arrive when you could have the entire object built right in front of you in a couple of hours. Also if you dont like the design you have created, you can Just start from scratch or mould your design into something different using the computer program used to print. New Shapes and Structures: Regular manufacturing methods rely on moulds and cutting technologies to make a limited number of shapes but AD printing changes this altogether. The AD printers spray tool can build an infinite number of complex figures limited only by human imagination. Combinations of New Materials: Before AD printing, mixing different raw materials wasnt possible due to their physical and chemical properties but people believe that ad printings potential has not been reached yet so many companies now offer tens of different materials with different finishes giving the look and feel of metal, ceramic or glass with different strengths and melting temperatures. Weaknesses of this component: AD printers use up a large amount of energy even when printing something the size of a necklace. When melting plastic and other materials with heat or lasers, AD printers use up to 50-100 times more electrical energy that injection molding to make n item of the same weight and size meaning that when it comes to industrial AD printing, the time you save might not be worth the money your spending on electric or production fees. One of the materials mostly used in AD printing is plastic. Possibly the biggest environmental movements in recent history has been to reduce the use of plastics, the most popular and cheapest AD printers use plastic filament and wires to print objects. If AD printing starts to become more industrialized then excess plastic from either print beds or scraped projects that werent used needs to e recyclable or biodegradable but until then, AD printing will become a wasteful way of creating parts or any objects. There are many things you can print with a AD printer for example; a toy for small children or a wheel for a bus or bicycle, the problem is you could also print out a gun or weapon of some sort and that could be illegal in the country that you created it. The printer itself is not going to not allow you to print out a weapon because it doesnt know the difference. There is also going to be an issue with printing out counterfeit products. To print an object, all you need s the software the model was created on and the actual file itself. You can also print out credit cards and I. Dos as well as copies of other private belongings. How much does a AD printer cost? There are 3 main types of AD printers, these types include; personal, professional and industrial. Personal AD printers are plainly and simply used for small projects that you can create such as, toys, miniature structures and tools. Professional AD printers are uses In large commercial Dulling Ana companies; teen use ten printers for parts that need to be made with specific detail because shipping from other entries around the world is too expensive. Industrial AD printers are used for creating objects and parts to be sold and manufactured to other large companies, usually for more value.